Using the Participatory Design to Develop an Educational Video for the Farmers in the Upper Northeast of Thailand: How to Raise Buffalos based on the “New Theory” in Farming Practices

Abstract

This study aimed to 1) explore the need for an educational video on How to Raise Buffalos based on the “ New Theory ” in Farming Practices;
2) develop an educational video for the buffalo farmers; and 3) investigate the outcome after presenting the video to the farmers. This was conducted with the methodology of Research and Development including 3 phases: 1) the exploration on the farmer’s need for the educational video; 2) the development of the educational video; and 3) the investigation on the outcome after presenting the video. The sample group consisted of 450 participants classified into 3 groups for each of those 3 phases: 1) a group of 400 farmers in the Upper Northeast of Thailand; 2) a group of 12 participants involved with the educational video development; and the experimental group of 38 people. Different kinds of research tools were used including: 1) the questionnaire on the farmer’s need for the educational video; 2) the interview form for the participants involved with the educational video development; 3) the short-term lesson plan; 4) the educational video; 5) the video quality assessment
form; 6) the learning achievement test; and 7) the satisfactory survey form. Additionally, the data was qualitatively analyzed to define different statistical values including percentage, mean score, and standard deviation. These values were finally affirmed with the data triangulation and then the finding was confirm as below.

1. The farmers need a documentary video presented with both official and local languages.

2. The development of the educational video was resulted as follows.
2.1 The prototype design of the video was created with the following features. The educational video was designed with 4 features including: 1) Type of Program; 2) Type of Content; 3) Presentation Style; and 4) Production Technique. The video production follows 7 steps including: 1) Problem Definition; 2) the target group’s characters analysis; 3) the target group’s need assessment; 4) Design; 5) Production; 6) Evaluation; and 7) Distribution.
2.2 Based on the video quality assessment, the specialists were mostly satisfied with the content, presentation style, and production technique.

3. After the implementation of the educational video, the experimental group demonstrated 64.69% of learning progress; mean while, their satisfaction was rated with the highest score after watching the video.