汉语谓宾动词的类型学特征及其教学策略
关键词:
谓宾动词, 句法语义, 策略摘要
谓宾动词是国际中文语法教学的重要内容。谓宾动词是汉语为孤立语的特征呈现，对其研究具有重要类型学意义。汉语谓宾动词在语义上呈现出言语性、心理性及弱行为性特征，这与人类语言中动词带谓词论元具有语义共性。根据语义特征，谓宾动词可分为言语、心理、现实三大类，又可细分出十小类。谓宾动词具有动词的句法功能，部分谓宾动词配置谓宾需要一定句法条件，否定性副词与谓宾动词组合常凝固成词，数量、时体范畴词常做谓宾动词补语，谓宾动词的重叠取决于语用条件。谓宾动词教学中要抓住核心词类、突破难点，借助语义类聚、因类施教，发挥迁移作用、对比分析句法实现条件，从而提高教学效果。
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