Design of a Virtual Learning System Enhanced With Artificial Intelligence for Training Lighting and Shading Skills in 3D Design
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Abstract
This research aimed to design a virtual platform integrated with artificial intelligence (AI) for learning lighting and shading in three-dimensional (3D) work. The objectives were: 1) to analyze the problems and learning needs related to lighting and shading in 3D environments, and 2) to design a virtual platform architecture with AI integration to enhance the learning experience. A mixed-method was employed in this study, grounded in the principles of human-centered design (HCD) and human-computer interaction (HCI). Qualitative data was collected through semi-structured interviews with experts in three areas of expertise: 3D lighting, user experience and interface design (UX/UI), and virtual technology. Quantitative data were obtained from 100 undergraduate students majoring in Creative Media at Mahasarakham University. The research instruments included semi-structured interview forms and learners’ need assessment questionnaires. The findings revealed that 1) students lacked understanding of fundamental lighting concepts such as diffuse, specular, and subsurface scattering, indicating the necessity of a system capable of analyzing and providing real-time AI-based feedback; and 2) students reported a very high demand for such a system (M = 4.52, SD = 0.54), particularly in terms of a simplified and beginner-friendly interface (M = 4.72, SD = 0.45). The research proposed a prototype platform architecture comprising four key components: a scene selection interface, a lighting training module, a result comparison module, and a virtual assistant interface. The design emphasized usability, multi-device compatibility, and clear visual communication. The results indicated that this platform design aligned with the needs of both students and experts and demonstrated strong potential for development as an effective educational tool for enhancing shading and lighting skills in 3D media production.
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