突破汉字门槛的经验:将传统汉字教学法应用于国际中文的汉字教学研究

作者

  • 谢 友中 梧州学院

关键词:

Selected:国际中文教育, 汉字门槛, 杂字, 识字效率, 教法融合

摘要

汉字是国际中文教学的战略组成部分,然而却普遍面临汉字门槛难以突破的教学困境。借鉴中国传统语文教学经验而产生的汉字门槛教学模式,是母语汉字教学法古为今用的典型案例。然而已有研究主要关注传统汉字教学法应用于国际中文汉字教学的门槛字量问题,对其汉字门槛教学经验还缺乏进一步的挖掘。杂字教学是与传统官方汉字教学并行的一种民间路径,极具古人汉字门槛的教学智慧。在教学时长等条件限制下,杂字极为注重文字教学效率。其门槛字量的选择紧跟教学目标而定,在组织方式上将文字分散融入具有育人意义的课文中,在极为有限的时间完成教学,是集中识字与分散识字策略的有机融合。杂字教学还探索出了汉字本体教学为主,汉字知识为辅的教学经验,紧紧围绕文字记录语言音义的根本职能,突出汉字的功能化应用而尽量避免文字知识化教学。杂字的效率意识与教法融合经验对于优化国际中文门槛汉字教学具有重要的参考意义。

参考

安雄(2011)。集中识字经验与对外汉字教学的新尝试。世界汉语教学学会通讯,9(1),1。

Bernard Allanic(2011).Concentrated Character Recognition Experience and New Attempts in Teaching Chinese Characters to Foreigners.Newsletter of the International Society for Chinese Language Teaching, 9(1), 1.

安雄(2017)。集中识字法在汉语作为外语教学中的应用。国际汉语教育(中英文),2(4),12-17。

Bernard Allanic(2017).Focused Literacy in the Teaching of Chinese as a Foreign Language.International Chinese Language Education, 2(4), 12-17.

白乐桑(2018)。一元论抑或二元论:汉语二语教学本体认识论的根本分歧与障碍。华文教学与研究,(4),1-11+24。

Joël Bellassen(2018).Monism or Dualism: The Fundamental Dispute and Barrier in the Ontology of Chinese Second Language Teaching.Teaching and Research in Chinese, (4), 1-11+24.

郭清丽、梁彦民(2023)。国际中文教师汉字知识调查研究——以汉字构形理论为例。云南师范大学学报(对外汉语教学与研究版),21(2),64-70。

Guo Qingli and Liangyanmin (2023). Investigation on International Chinese Teachers' Knowledge of Chinese Characters: A Case Study of the Theory of Chinese Character Structure. Journal of Yunnan Normal University (Teaching & Studying Chinese as a Foreign Language Edition), 21(2), 64-70.

顾月琴(2017)。明清杂字教材对当前新童蒙读物编写的启示。童蒙文化研究,(2),11。

Gu Yueqin(2017).Implications of the Ming and Qing Character Textbooks for the Preparation of Current New Children's Books.Research on Childhood and Monumental Culture, (2), 11.

龚君姬、白乐桑(2024)。法国汉语教育的发展历程、现状与未来,云南师范大学学报(对外汉语教学与研究版),22(5),31-42。

Gong Junji and Joël Bellassen (2024). The History, Present, and Future of Chinese Language Education in France. Journal of Yunnan Normal University (Teaching & Studying Chinese as a Foreign Language Edition), 22(5), 31-42.

黄伟嘉(2020)。汉字和汉字教学。北京市:北京大学出版社。

Huang Weijia(2020).Chinese characters and the teaching of Chinese characters, Beijing: Peking University Press.

孔姗姗(2022)。试析斯霞老师“随课文分散识字”的实践特色。小学语文教学,(13),25-26。

Kong Shanshan(2022).A test analysis of Ms. Sixia's practice of “decentralised literacy with the text." Chinese Language Teaching for Primary Schools, 13),25-26.

陆俭明(2024)。国际中文教育的使命及其他。云南师范大学学报(对外汉语教学与研究版),22(1),1-4。

Lu Jianming(2024).The Mission of International Chinese Language Education and Beyond.Journal of Yunnan Normal University (Teaching & Studying Chinese as a Foreign Language Edition), 22(1), 1-4.

李如龙、陈艳艺(2021)。汉语国际教育应关注与文字、文学、文化的关系。语言教学与研究,(3),22-30。

Li Rulong and Chen Yanyi (2021). Chinese language international education should focus on the relationship with words, literature, and culture. Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies, (3), 22-30.

李润生(2015)。汉字教学法体系及相关问题研究。语言教学与研究,(1),38-48。

Li Runsheng(2015).Research on the System of Teaching Methods of Chinese Characters and Related Issues.Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies, (1), 38-48.

李润生(2017)。大分散、小集中:“语文同步”模式下的汉字教学法思考。国际汉语教学研究,(3),68-74。

Li Runsheng(2017).Decentralisation and decentralisation: reflections on the teaching method of Chinese characters in the “language synchronisation” model. Journal of International Chinese Teaching, (3), 68-74.

史有为(2022)。国际中文教育全拼音教学的学理、构想与价值。语言战略研究,7(5),74-86。

Shi Youwei(2022).Theories, Concepts, and Values of Whole-Pinyin Teaching in International Chinese Language Education. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning, 7(5).

温海波(2021)。杂字读物与明清识字问题研究。安徽史学,(4),26-33。

Wen Haibo(2021).A Study of Zazi and Literacy Issues in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Historical Research in Anhui, (4), 26-33.

万业馨(2019)。谈对外汉字教学研究中的几个问题。国际汉语教学研究,(4),59-68。

Wan Yexin(2019).Several Issues in Research on Teaching Chinese Characters to Foreigners.Journal of International Chinese Teaching, (4), 59-68.

杨晓黎(2006)。朝鲜中文教科书《图像注解千字文》的功能定位及其启示。世界汉语教学,(4),133-139。

Yang Xiaoli(2006).The Functional Positioning of the North Korean Chinese Textbook ‘Image Annotated Qianziwen and Its Implications. Chinese Teaching in the World, (4), 133-139.

杨琳(2015)。《新刻增校切用正音乡谈杂字大全》考述。中国典籍与文化,(4),107-111。

Yang Lin(2015).The Newly Engraved Book of Xinke Zengjiao Qieyong Zhengyin Xiangtan Daquan.Chinese Classics & Culture, (4), 107-111.

曾良(2024)。杂字俗写音义考三则,汉字汉语研究,(1),87-95+127。

Zeng Liang(2024).Zazi Commonly Written Sound and Meaning Examination of Three Rules.The Study of Chinese Characters and Language, (1), 87-95+127.

张云(2024)。古代杂字书的编纂特征,现代出版,(2),85-92。

Zhang Yun(2024).Characteristics of the compilation of Zazi, Modern Publishing, (2), 85-92.

Anthony & Edward M. (1963). Approach, method, and technique. English Language Teaching, 17(2), 63-67.

##submission.downloads##

已出版

2024-12-31