Socio-economic Changes : A Case Study of Ban Yang Noi Community, Tambon Yang Noi, Amphoe Kosum Phisai, Maha Sarakham Province during 1985-2017

Abstract

           This research aimed to study economic and social changes from fish breeding career of Yang Noi villagers, Yang Noi Subdistrict, Kosum Phisai District, Maha Sarakham Province during 1985-2017. Target groups were those who know the village. Professionals were dealers, government officials or government organizations that provide support and involvement. The tools used for collecting data were structured interviews and unstructured interviews including observation and presented the study results with descriptive analysis method.

           The study indicated that the economic and social changes of the community can be divided into 3 periods.

           Period 1^st, before 1985, as a whole, Yang Noi villagers performed rice farming.  based on rainwater, i was a rice farming, but enough to eat. It was a rice farming plan that has been taken from ancestors. That did not rely on external technology: a typical Isan community, which was the same in every household that they still rely on nature basic factors in life. According to the traditional agricultural society, when the season was over or waiting for the seedlings to grow, some villagers went to earn money for family microorganisms in Bangkok or other provinces. While those, who did not go, live at home to feed their children.

           Period 2^nd, 1985-1999, as a whole, it was found that the majority of Yang Noi villagers was agricultural workers and followed with fish breeding. in 1985, after the Nong Wai Irrigation Project, Nam Phong District, Khon Kaen Province, conducted irrigation projects through Kosum Phisai District, Ban Yang Noi community had an irrigation canal, Nong Wai Dam, through the west. The north and the middle of the village made the surrounding area of the village suitable for farming and fish breeding for sale, the villagers changed their main occupation from the agricultural career to fish breeding business instead. Growing and expanding from fish breeding sold in both districts and nearby districts making the status of life being better and richer. Breeding of fish for sale has completely changed the way of life of Yang Noi villagers completely because  the form and method of production from fish breeding, maintenance, distribution, income, expenses and trade contact methods for sale.  There were various businesses in the community, whether there are different types of shops such as car repair shop / motorcycle repair, construction equipment store, barber shop, beauty salon, food shop, order shop, gas station, etc.

          Period 3^rd, 2000 - 2017, as a whole, it was found that the expansion and investment of fish breeding professionals Made the villagers a better living status, there were savings in other forms, such as investment, business expansion, buying other assets such as cars, gold jewelry, land, expanded housing, electrical appliances and facilities and borrowing because of more income from the sale, there was more convenience in the past that customers came to buy fish at the farm. The profits were so great. Therefore, the establishment of the Kosum Phisai Aquaculture Cooperative Limited was established and there was training to bring new technology to fish culture with the support of government agencies and universities.